The Security Council discusses the political aspects of peacekeeping operations.
Many types of documents are issued by the Security Council in its work on peacekeeping.
Resolutions
Security Council adopts resolutions to:
- establish peacekeeping operations
- determine mandates,
- assign tasks, such as:
- maintain peace and security
- facilitate the political process
- protect civilians
- assist in the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of former combatants
- support the organization of elections
- protect and promote human rights
- assist in restoring the rule of law
- establish time frame
- most operations' mandates are reviewed every 6 months or year
- authorize the deployment of troops, as well as any increase or reduction in troop strength as the situation demands
- example: Security Council resolution 1509 (2003) established the UN Mission in Liberia (UNMIL)
Presidential Statements
The Security Council President, on behalf of the Council, may make statements to:
- call upon the parties involved in a conflict to work towards a peaceful settlement of the dispute
- express the concern of the Council for the deterioration of the security situation within a region
- reaffirm the importance of negotiated agreements and stress the obligation of the parties to ensure their implementation
- example: S/PRST/2023/3
Meeting Records
Resolutions and presidential statements are adopted or presented at formal meetings of the Security Council.
Preparatory work for formal meetings is conducted in closed informal consultations for which no public records are issued.
Reports of the Secretary-General
Reports of the Secretary-General to the Security Council on peacekeeping issues:
- are called for by Security Council resolutions
- provide a factual account of the activities of a mission within a given time period
- present the Secretary-General's observations and recommendations for further action
- form the basis for the Council's deliberations
Exchange of Letters
The issues dealt with by an exchange of letters between the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council typically include:
- appointment of:
- Special Representative/Chief of Mission
- Force Commander/Chief Military Observer
- composition of a peacekeeping operation.
Issuance of exchange of letters:
- the Secretary-General's letter containing the proposal is not published until the Security Council has reviewed the matter
- both proposal and response are then published at the same time with document symbols in sequential order
- a press release with biographical information about the appointee is usually also issued
- Press release series symbol may be:
- SG/A/- (Secretary-General's appointments)
- BIO/- (Biographical materials)
- Both, with a double symbol
Examples:
- Appointment of a Special Representative/Chief of Mission:
- In S/2023/424 the Secretary-General states his intention to intention to appoint Kaha Imnadze (Georgia) as Special Representative and Head of the UN Regional Centre for Preventive Diplomacy for Central Asia.
- S/2023/425 contains the response of the Security Council
- Press release SG/A/2210 presents biographical data on the appointee
- Appointment of a Force Commander/Chief Military Observer:
- In S/2023/14 the Secretary-General states his intention to appoint Lieutenant General Otávio Rodrigues de Miranda Filho (Brazil) as Force Commander of the UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO).
- S/2023/15 contains the response of the Security Council
- Press release SG/A/2177 presents biographical data on the appointee
